This can impact the availability of the application using the PCIe device, in the event of host outage. The virtual machine cannot easily be migrated to another ESXi host with an identical PCIe device. This restricts that virtual machine to that particular host. This is an identifier that points to a specific physical device at a specific bus location on that ESXi host. In vSphere versions prior to vSphere 7, a virtual machines specifies a PCIe passthrough device by using its hardware address. To utilize a hardware accelerator with vSphere, typically a PCIe device, the device needs to be exposed to guest OS running inside the virtual machine. The AI/ML space is another example of workloads where applications are enabled to use GPUs to offload computations. Or customers that use GPUs for graphic acceleration in their Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) deployment. Think about the telco industry for example: Network Function Virtualization (NFV) platforms utilizing NICs and FPGAs. A wide variety of modern workloads greatly benefit from using hardware accelerators to offload certain capabilities, save CPU cycles, and gain a lot of performance in general.
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